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入门指南

如何开始使用 Kubernetes，并创建任务

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利用 Minikube 运行 Kubernetes

Minikube starts a single node kubernetes cluster locally for purposes of development and testing. Minikube packages and configures a Linux VM, Docker and all Kubernetes components, optimized for local development. Minikube supports Kubernetes features such as:

Minikube does not yet support Cloud Provider specific features such as:

Requirements

Minikube requires that VT-x/AMD-v virtualization is enabled in BIOS on all platforms.

To check that this is enabled on Linux, run:

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'vmx\|svm'

This command should output something if the setting is enabled.

To check that this is enabled on OSX (most newer Macs have this enabled by default), run:

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.features | grep VMX

This command should output something if the setting is enabled.

Linux

Minikube requires the latest Virtualbox to be installed on your system.

OSX

Minikube requires one of the following:

Install minikube

See the latest Minikube release for installation instructions.

Install kubectl

You will need to download and install the kubectl client binary for ${K8S_VERSION} (in this example: v1.3.0) to run commands against the cluster.

# linux/amd64
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
# linux/386
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/386/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
# linux/arm
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/arm/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
# linux/arm64
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
#linux/ppc64le
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/linux/ppc64le/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
# OS X/amd64 
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/darwin/amd64/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/
# OS X/386 
curl -Lo kubectl http://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.3.0/bin/darwin/386/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/

The generic download path is:

https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/${K8S_VERSION}/bin/${GOOS}/${GOARCH}/${K8S_BINARY}

Starting the cluster

To start a cluster, run the command:

minikube start
Starting local Kubernetes cluster...
Kubernetes is available at https://192.168.99.100:443.

This will build and start a lightweight local cluster, consisting of a master, etcd, Docker and a single node.

Minikube will also create a “minikube” context, and set it to default in kubectl. To switch back to this context later, run this command: kubectl config use-context minikube.

Type minikube stop to shut the cluster down.

Minikube also includes the Kubernetes dashboard. Run this command to see the included kube-system pods:

$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                           READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   kube-addon-manager-127.0.0.1   1/1       Running   0          35s
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-9brhv     1/1       Running   0          20s

Run this command to open the Kubernetes dashboard:

minikube dashboard

Test it out

List the nodes in your cluster by running:

kubectl get nodes

Minikube contains a built-in Docker daemon that for running containers. If you use another Docker daemon for building your containers, you will have to publish them to a registry before minikube can pull them. You can use minikube’s built in Docker daemon to avoid this extra step of pushing your images. Use the built-in Docker daemon with:

eval $(minikube docker-env)

This command sets up the Docker environment variables so a Docker client can communicate with the minikube Docker daemon. Minikube currently supports only docker version 1.11.1 on the server, which is what is supported by Kubernetes 1.3. With a newer docker version you’ll get this issue.

docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                        COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
42c643fea98b        gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.0.1   "/dashboard --port=90"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                            k8s_kubernetes-dashboard.1d0d880_kubernetes-dashboard-9brhv_kube-system_5062dd0b-370b-11e6-84b6-5eab1f51187f_134cba4c
475db7659edf        gcr.io/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.0                     "/pause"                 3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                            k8s_POD.2225036b_kubernetes-dashboard-9brhv_kube-system_5062dd0b-370b-11e6-84b6-5eab1f51187f_e76d8136
e9096501addf        gcr.io/google-containers/kube-addon-manager-amd64:v2         "/opt/kube-addons.sh"    3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                            k8s_kube-addon-manager.a1c58ca2_kube-addon-manager-127.0.0.1_kube-system_48abed82af93bb0b941173334110923f_82655b7d
64748893cf7c        gcr.io/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.0                     "/pause"                 4 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes                            k8s_POD.d8dbe16c_kube-addon-manager-127.0.0.1_kube-system_48abed82af93bb0b941173334110923f_c67701c3

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